![]() Values (separate with '|'): edit, delete, protect, move, block, unblock, email, import Intoken - Request a token to perform a data-modifying action on a page Values (separate with '|'): protection, talkid, watched, subjectid, url, readable, preload Preload - Gives the text returned by EditFormPreloadText Readable - Whether the user can read this page Url - Gives a full URL to the page, and also an edit URL Subjectid - The page ID of the parent page for each talk page Watched - List the watched status of each page Talkid - The page ID of the talk page for each non-talk page Protection - List the protection level of each page Inprop - Which additional properties to get: Get basic page information such as namespace, title, last touched date. Can only be used with exportĪpi.php?action=query&prop=revisions&meta=siteinfo&titles=Main%20Page&rvprop=user|comment api.php?action=query&generator=allpages&gapprefix=API/&prop=revisions Indexpageids - Include an additional pageids section listing all returned page IDs.Įxport - Export the current revisions of all given or generated pagesĮxportnowrap - Return the export XML without wrapping it in an XML result (same format as Special:Export). Redirects - Automatically resolve redirects One value: links, images, templates, categories, duplicatefiles, allimages, allpages, alllinks, allcategories, backlinks, categorymembers, embeddedin, imageusage, search, watchlist, watchlistraw, exturlusage, random, protectedtitles NOTE: generator parameter names must be prefixed with a 'g', see examples. Generator - Use the output of a list as the input for other prop/list/meta items Values (separate with '|'): siteinfo, userinfo, allmessages Meta - Which meta data to get about the site ![]() Values (separate with '|'): allimages, allpages, alllinks, allcategories, allusers, backlinks, blocks, categorymembers, deletedrevs, embeddedin, imageusage, logevents, recentchanges, search, tags, usercontribs, watchlist, watchlistraw, exturlusage, users, random, protectedtitles Values (separate with '|'): info, revisions, links, langlinks, images, imageinfo, templates, categories, extlinks, categoryinfo, duplicatefiles Prop - Which properties to get for the titles/revisions/pageids Revids - A list of revision IDs to work on Query API module allows applications to get needed pieces of data from the MediaWiki databases,Īnd is loosely based on the old query.php interface.Īll data modifications will first have to use query to acquire a token to prevent abuse from malicious sites. This module is used to logout and clear session data Lgtoken - Login token obtained in first requestĪpi.php?action=login&lgname=user&lgpassword=password * action=logout * This is to prevent password guessing by automated password crackers. In the event of a failed log-in, you will notīe able to attempt another log-in through this method for 5 seconds. In the event of a successful log-in, a cookie will be attached This module is used to login and get the authentication tokens. Requestid - Request ID to distinguish requests. Maxage - Set the max-age header to this many seconds. Smaxage - Set the s-maxage header to this many seconds. Version - When showing help, include version for each module One value: login, logout, query, expandtemplates, parse, opensearch, feedwatchlist, help, paraminfo, purge, rollback, delete, undelete, protect, block, unblock, move, edit, upload, emailuser, watch, patrol, import, userrights One value: json, jsonfm, php, phpfm, wddx, wddxfm, xml, xmlfm, yaml, yamlfm, rawfm, txt, txtfm, dbg, dbgfmĪction - What action you would like to perform ![]() Make sure to monitor our mailing list for any updates. Is still in active development, and may change at any time. Status: All features shown on this page should be working, but the API
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![]() ![]() However, if you want to access some of the premium features, you need to sign up for a Pro account. You can create a Memrise account for free. Language learning is made fun on Memrise with the use of different elements like planting virtual trees, watering them to monitor your progress, and collecting points as you complete stages. They have different learning modes and give a lot of preference to video learning especially because it immerses the user in the language environment. However, learning is not solely based on flashcards here. Like Anki, Memrise adopts the spaced repetition learning method to help users retain information for longer periods of time. There are materials for more than 23 different languages and all you need is to have access to the internet. It also has a large community of users who create and share content, so you’re sure to find material for whatever you want to learn. And it certainly is fun – it uses game-like elements to make learning more engaging. This means that Memrise is more focused on language learning than other subjects. Memrise describes itself as a platform that helps you to learn the languages that locals use. Adding audio and images to your flashcards is only possible with the premium version. The Quizlet Plus version costs $35.99 per year and includes the ability to create an unlimited number of custom study sets. Quizlet’s free version includes creating an account and accessing all the features. Here Quizlet creates questions on different categories like true or false, matching, writing, and multiple choice. This mode is especially useful for learning vocabulary words. Spell mode: In this mode, you are presented with the answer and have to type in your answer. Once the first round is over, the questions are shuffled and you start again, but this time, the focus will be on the answers that you missed. This is a great way to test your knowledge of the material. Write mode: In this mode, you are required to type in your answers. Learn mode: In this mode, you are presented with multiple choice answers to a question, and the more questions you can answer, the more difficult it gets. ![]() You can see the question on one side and the answer on the other. These modes are:įlashcards mode: This is the traditional way of using flashcards. Quizlet also has a feature of five different modes for learning that you can use to test yourself on the material. This means that you can find cards for almost any topic imaginable.Īs with Anki, you can create your own flashcard or use someone else’s. You can create an account and start using Quizlet right away.Īnother great thing about Quizlet is that it has a huge database of user-created flashcards. There are no subscription fees or in-app purchases. One of the best things about Quizlet is that it’s free to use. It has grown in popularity in recent years and now has 50 million users. Like Anki, Quizlet was designed for people who want to learn new languages. It’s simple to use and has a ton of features. Quizlet is one of the most popular flashcard apps and for good reason. But if you are looking for an alternative to Anki for the above reasons or more, here are some of the best options: Best Anki Alternatives 1. It would be helpful if Anki could show you all of the related information at once so that you can make connections between the different pieces of information.Īdditionally, Anki’s UI can be confusing and overwhelming, especially if you are just starting to use the app.ĭon’t get me wrong, Anki is a great app, and it has helped a lot of people learn new things. When you are trying to learn a new subject, you will inevitably encounter related information. If you decide that you want to take a day off, Anki will think that you forget everything and will keep a pile of reviews waiting for you the next time you open the app.Īnother reason is that the app does not tie related cards together as well as some of the alternatives. The app tries to ensure that you use it every day, and it gives you many notifications to ensure you do. So why would anyone want to use a different flashcard app? Anki makes it easy to create and review flashcards, plus the app has an incredible number of features, and on top of that, it’s free. ![]() The article below will walk you through the 10 best and free all format video players for PC, which are a must to know in 2022. This is because not every video player is good and up to the mark.ĭo you know what way to go in this scenario? Let us guide you. It is so annoying that you play a video on your device, and it displays some errors. ![]() Whether it's work or entertainment, you come across videos of different file formats almost daily. Read our full review: Free Video Converter.The mark isn't terribly intrusive, but it prevents this otherwise excellent software ranking higher in this list. It's a shame that videos converted with Free Video Converter are watermarked. There's a choice of quality settings, and you can merge several clips into a single file while they're converted. Among the best free video converters with an interface that’s clean and uncluttered, it can convert batches of videos with ease.įree Video Converter has a small set of output options (MP4, AVI, MPEG and MP3 are available, plus an option optimized for iOS devices), but that might be plenty if you're not used to working with video files, and the likes of Handbrake or MediaCoder look excessively complicated. Handbrake may take a while to get used to, but the output is worth it.ĭVDVideoSoft is known for its superb free media software that performs exactly as advertised, and Free Video Converter (opens in new tab) is no exception. There are a lot of features that allow for precise control of video conversion, including cropping, advanced filtering and frame rate adjustment, as well as presets for those who just want quick results. The program is powerful, but utilitarian. ![]() ![]() It is worth noting that this is still something of an experimental program and it hasn't even reached version 1.0 in its Windows incarnation, but that doesn't mean it should be overlooked.Īvailable for Mac, Windows and Linux, Handbrake is a great choice for anyone who works on multiple platforms, but is also great for anyone who is dedicated to Windows.Ī slight word of warning: the other programs featured in this roundup have very approachable interfaces, but the same cannot really be said of HandBrake. HandBrake (opens in new tab) is a free video converter that's well known to Mac users, but less famous in the world of Windows.
Usually commercial software or games are produced for sale or to serve a commercial purpose. Even though, most trial software products are only time-limited some also have feature limitations. After that trial period (usually 15 to 90 days) the user can decide whether to buy the software or not. Trial software allows the user to evaluate the software for a limited amount of time. Demos are usually not time-limited (like Trial software) but the functionality is limited. In some cases, all the functionality is disabled until the license is purchased. Demoĭemo programs have a limited functionality for free, but charge for an advanced set of features or for the removal of advertisements from the program's interfaces. In some cases, ads may be show to the users. Basically, a product is offered Free to Play (Freemium) and the user can decide if he wants to pay the money (Premium) for additional features, services, virtual or physical goods that expand the functionality of the game. This license is commonly used for video games and it allows users to download and play the game for free. There are many different open source licenses but they all must comply with the Open Source Definition - in brief: the software can be freely used, modified and shared. Programs released under this license can be used at no cost for both personal and commercial purposes. Open Source software is software with source code that anyone can inspect, modify or enhance. Freeware products can be used free of charge for both personal and professional (commercial use). We left the bad disk in the shop, because they proposed us to search for another controller for this disk (so we may hope to repair it if the culprit is the controller).Freeware programs can be downloaded used free of charge and without any time limitations. Back to my friend's home, I saw the new disk had one connector less than the old one had at that moment I realised Apple is now shipping disks with built in thermal sensors (and I knew fans run at full speed when one sensor is missing). I phoned the shop (not a Mac one, they are too far away) and they told me they couldn't figure out where to buy disks with such a connector however, I must solve this.I then went in my house and managed to find an old sensor, still attached to a malfunctionning disk from an iMac G5. However, its connector is smaller than in my friend's iMac. It can import and export TrueType, Type 1, and OpenType fonts. I tried to make a bridge, by cutting the old sensor's cable and inserting it in the plug of the new iMac's sensor (I thought they are both sensors, with only a couple of years of difference, so their data should be the same) but it didn't work. Editor: FontLab Studio is a professional font editor for advanced typography. ![]() ![]() The new connector has only two wires and the old one has four I guess the extra two are for the power (that is built into the hard disk in the new iMac version). Make and edit OpenType, color and variable fonts. The connector is smaller than the dime's diameter!!!The days of pulling chips off and re-soldering them are long over. FontLab 8 is our new font editor for Mac and Windows, with re-imagined vector drawing unlike any other app. ![]() To be honest if I took one of my finest point soldering irons I couldn't even get it to make contact with less than 2 of those connections simultaneously. The fine point soldering irons I have would be bridging 2 or more pins at best.The best you could hope for is a drive controller board failure, in which case you could swap out the controller card. Usually they're held on with a few screws and then cables running between the drive controller and the heads/platteres/motors, etc.The reality is that the odds of it being the controller are rare, and the odds of it being a mechanical failure are high. However at this point you have little or nothing to lose by examining all possibilities.leaving me with these parting words: Good Luck.Well, you're right, especially for a hard disk.Thank you. Because I needed to log in another user, I finally aborted this attempt. In further attempts, DiskWarrior won't let me rebuild the disk. It is an all-around font editor, but also supports data interchange with other font creation tools, making it easy to integrate into your existing workflows. When I select it, it says "directory cannot be rebuilt due to disk hardware failure (-36,2738)". With FontLab (was FontLab Studio), you can create, open, modify, draw, space, kern, hint, and export desktop, web, color, and variable fonts. Insert USB into mac that needs to be repaired and power up mac while holding Apple + R. Select drive and then select Unlock & enter password to unlock. Open Terminal.In a last resort (my friend needs the data), I've tried with DiskWarrior. Whether you want festive fall florals or dark, spooky Halloween table decorations, we have something here for you. From black vases to outdoor throw pillows, these items can .٢٥ محرم ١٤٤٠ هـ. Shop these chic Halloween and fall decorations that can be left up year-round. The most enduring Halloween decor, if you ask me (and no one did), . Probably because the summer heat is getting cooler and the opportunity to start enjoying cozy sweaters and playing with pumpkins. Fall is one of my favorite seasons of the year. Mixing Fall and Halloween decor make it easier to put it together at once and have more time to enjoy both. In this example, it gives both a fashionable and spooky edge to a rustic tablescape, featuring a gingham. ![]() (Image credit: Unsplash/Libby Penner) Beyond the tablecloth, following a monochrome palette for your Halloween table decor is a great way to stay both seasonally on theme and perennially chic. Homemory LED Candles, Lasts 3X Longer 150 Hours, Realistic Tea Lights, LED Tea Lights, Flickering Bright Tealights, Battery Operated, Flameless Candles, White Base, Batteries Included, Set of 12. Designed & created by ,HARVEST SEASON.Halloween 12 Pack LED Pumpkin Lights, Jack-O'-Lantern, Small Orange Flickering Tea Lights, for Halloween, Fall Festival Decorations. Halloween Yard Art, Halloween Porch Decorations, Fall Halloween Decor, .Sea Glass Art,Pumpkins,Halloween Decor,Cute Halloween,Fall Decor,Halloween Art,Original Art,Harvest Decor,Framed Art,OOAK,Original Design! homeward found decor: October 2021,: Glitzhome 4.21 Inch Hand Blown Rainbow Striped Glass ,Halloween Pumpkin Beach Glass Greeting Card. See more ideas about fall halloween, halloween, holidays halloween. Halloween Yard Art, Halloween Porch Decorations, Fall Halloween Decor, .Transpac Imports - Johanna Parker - Harvest Scarecrow Mug Set - H9375,Johanna Parker Happy Halloween Doormat - Etsy,Authentic Johanna Parker Harvest Critters Ceramic Autumn Mugs Vintage Style RARE,Bottle Brush Fox - Etsy,Johanna Parker Candy Corn Bowl Bouquet Halloween Decor - Etsy,Partners in Craft White Christmas Studio - Johanna Parker. Amazon's Choice Thanksgiving Decorations Lighted Fall Garland, Thanksgiving Decor Halloween String Lights 8.2 Feet 20 LED, Thanksgiving Gift Fall Decor for Home Holiday Autumn Garland Indoor 6,509 $849$12.99 See more ideas about fall halloween, halloween, holidays halloween. According to the History website, most experts believe that this spooky holiday stems from the Celtic festival of Samhain.1-48 of over 60,000 results for "fall halloween decorations" RESULTS Price and other details may vary based on product size and color. Give your home's porch and entryway a spooky touch with a discounted decorative Halloween doormat and fanciful autumn wreath with colorful fall foliage.The traditions of modern Halloween - costumes, ghosts, trick-or-treat - come from a number of ancient civilizations. Dress up your home for Halloween for less with clearance Halloween decor from Grandin Road. Find Spooktacular Savings at Our Halloween Outlet. ![]() 6.7-in Skeleton Sculpture Bubble Bath Skeleton. ![]() 1-3/7-ft x 2-2/5-ft Multi Rectangular Indoor or Outdoor Decorative Welcome Door Mat. Amazon's Choice Thanksgiving Decorations Lighted Fall Garland, Thanksgiving Decor Halloween String Lights 8.2 Feet 20 LED, Thanksgiving Gift Fall Decor for Home Holiday Autumn Garland Indoor 6,509 $849$12.99Callowaymills. Everything Halloween from Spooky Pumpkins to cute home decorations.1-48 of over 60,000 results for "fall halloween decorations" RESULTS Price and other details may vary based on product size and color. From garlands to cozy pillows to doormats to wreaths, we’ve got you. ![]() Whether you’re a subtle decorator or love to go all out this time of year (that’s me), we have all the options for you. Amazon's Choice Thanksgiving Decorations Lighted Fall Garland, Thanksgiving Decor Halloween String Lights 8.2 Feet 20 LED, Thanksgiving Gift Fall Decor for Home Holiday Autumn Garland Indoor 6,509 $849$12.99Here at The Everygirl, our homes are already getting fall-appropriate makeovers -and we’re looking to Etsy for the best home decor for the season. Autumn is the start of the harvest season for many plants, and both humans and animals gather crops and pa.1-48 of over 60,000 results for "fall halloween decorations" RESULTS Price and other details may vary based on product size and color. facebook twitter linkedin pinterest Wreath, Fall Wreath ,Halloween Wreath Happy Halloween Wreath, 22 Inches National Tree Company 24-Inch Halloween Wreath in Purple/Black with Skull and Flowers,Happy Halloween Wreath Halloween Wreath for Front Door.Autumn is the season in which the Earth cools off from the hot summer and starts a slow but sure trek to the colder months of winter. ![]() If you are under 18, you’ll need a parent’s permission to sign up. One of the only rules is that you’ll need to be at least 16 years old. And you won’t be surprised to find that iTunes gift cards are one of the many cash-out opportunities available. Once you earn 5,000 points, you can cash out through cash, gift cards, or charitable donations. You can earn points through the site for testing products, taking surveys, and participating in online focus groups. Users in the U.S., U.K., and Canada can access the site. Branded Surveysīranded Surveys is a survey site. Or you can choose a gift card to another store. You can use the points to get your free Apple gift card. Every time you shop using your linked cards you earn points. They use bank-level security to protect you. After that you’ll link your debit and credit card to the app.ĭon’t worry, it’s secure. The Drop app pays you for shopping you do every day. If you don’t want your iTunes card, this is a great way to give back. You can donate your cash-converted points to your favorite charity. You just have to be an established PayPal recipient first.Īnother great thing about Qmee is that it has a donation option. However, it offers iTunes and other gift card options, too. And it pays for other tasks such as shopping online. If you get a survey you don’t qualify for you can still get paid.Įach survey you’re ineligible for gets you an entry into the Harris Poll sweepstakes. Harris Poll Online has a special feature I really like. You can transfer points into e-gift cards for iTunes. You’ll earn points for each survey you take. It’s free to do so.Īfter you complete your profile they’ll start sending you survey invitations. You have to start by joining their community. Harris Poll Online will give you points for completing surveys. InstaGC also has over 350 other gift cards you can choose from. It’s sent digitally so there’s little to no wait. Once you redeem your points, you get your Apple gift card immediately. You earn points for each task you complete. You can get as many Apple gift cards as you can earn. Or, you can choose GPS-based tasks in your city.Īfter you’ve earned at least $10 in rewards you can cash out. They have short, quick surveys and in-depth surveys. All you have to do is take a photo as instructed. For instance, it’ll pay you to check into local stores. QuickThoughts is an app that will give you rewards points when you share your opinion. You can use your points to get a free Apple gift card or other rewards. PrizeRebel free to join, and you can start earning points today. It’s paid out over $16 million to members so far. PrizeRebel is a GTP site that will pay you to complete tasks such as: You can use your points to get your free Apple gift card. ![]() The more surveys you take, the more entries you get for contests. Every four months they give away thousands of points through contests. You can earn points through i-Say contests, too. Each time you share your opinion you’ll earn points. I-Say helps you share your opinion on brands, advertisements and more. However, you can also get PayPal cash if you want instead. When you’ve reached the cash out minimum of 3000 points (which is $3) you can get your Apple gift card. ![]() Fetch Rewards automatically adds the points you earned to your account. When you are finished shopping, you scan your receipt with your smartphone. You can earn points on products from Walmart and dozens of other store chains. Once you’ve downloaded the app you can search for offers.įetch Rewards allows you to earn points for everyday purchases. ![]() It’s free and they have over 15 million active shoppers. Here’s how it works.įirst, you get the Fetch Rewards app. Fetch Rewards will pay you for scanning your grocery receipts. Please tag your progress using #autumndoodlehat and you for supporting my small design business. take our quiz below and see which is the best fit for you. Ribbing, stranded colorwork in the round, reading colorwork charts, decreasing crown using DPNs or magic loop On average, a mini Goldendoodle will be 20 taller and weigh 50 more than a toy Goldendoodle. Mix and match, swap contrast colors, and fill in with solid rows of knit as needed to make them pop!Ģ00-320 yards / 180-292 m in varied colors To be fair to its developer Vinyl Pixels, Doodle Fitis a robust, intuitive game. ![]() ![]() This pattern includes five pages of fall and Halloween colorwork motifs are intended to inspire some “festive doodles” within your knit. Results showed that around 20 of GDV cases in large breed dogs were attributed to eating from an. It includes a wide 1x1 ribbed brim, with a slouchy fit (and optional pom pom). Prizes: Every family that finishes their list (20+ books) gets 200 Doodle Dollar reward points, equivalent to a 10. Every dog is unique and one size does not fit all. The games are vastly different, but it’s clear why the developer of this game has chosen its name to be so similar to the popular game and its sequel. The Autumn Doodle Hat is knit in the round using circular needles. is easily confused with the immensely popular Doodle Fit. Knit using several holiday colors of DK weight yarn, this pattern is a festive way to use up leftovers, stash, or scraps! The Autumn Doodle is a series of stranded colorwork motifs. Decorating your home with bats, skeletons, and (best of all) ghosts! Everything about this time of year is magical, and this hat is intended to evoke the best autumn memories as you knit! Walking through the pumpkin patch holding a hot cup of coffee. Get both the Autumn Doodle Cowl and Hat set for 20% off when you place both in your cart, no code needed!įall is my favorite season! The overcast skies, sweater weather, and fall leaves. 1.Inattentive ADHD (once called ADD) is a subtype of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder that often manifests as limited attention span, distractibility. One example was a Veterans Day Doodle made by a Veteran whos also an artist. ![]() This was the first time that such an accident had occurred in a light water reactor.Ī total of $50 billion in damages was estimated, making it the most expensive nuclear disaster in history. The insufficient cooling led to three nuclear meltdowns, hydrogen-air explosions, and the release of radioactive material in Units 1, 2 and 3. A 15-metre (49 ft) tsunami overwhelmed the plant's sea wall, causing the reactors to lose cooling water. The plant temporarily ceased operating in the aftermath of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. It was the largest nuclear disaster since the 1986 Chernobyl disaster and the second nuclear disaster in Japan, following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. Latest news on the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, an energy accident at the Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant in Fukushima, Japan, that began on 11 March 2011, resulting in a meltdown of three of the plant's six nuclear reactors. ![]() Forgot your password? Click here to sign-in and subscribe via a link sent to your email.Ībout our Fukushima Nuclear Disaster news ![]() Please ensure your password has at least 8 characters, an uppercase and a lowercase letter, and a number or symbol. Use at least 8 characters, an uppercase and a lowercase letter, and a number or symbol. You can unsubscribe whenever you want.īy clicking 'Sign in and Subscribe' you agree to us subscribing you to our newsletter in accordance with our Privacy Policy and Legal Notice.Įmail: (change email) Create Account and Subscribe Sign in and Subscribe We will not share your email address with any third parties. Already have an account? Don't already have an account?īy clicking 'Create Account and Subscribe' you agree to us creating an account for you and subscribing you to our newsletter in accordance with our Privacy Policy and Legal Notice.Įmails, which may be sent daily or less frequently, may include marketing elements. Please click 'Create Account and Subscribe' to create a new account and subscribe to our email alerts. We don't have an account for this email address. Please click 'Sign in and Subscribe' to continue. Please check you have typed it correctly.Īn existing account was found for this email address. We are sorry, but the email address you entered does not appear to be valid. Create Account and Subscribe Sign in and Subscribe Subscribe to our email alert of the day's top stories from the UK and around the world. Sign up for a FREE NewsNow account and get our email alert of the day's top stories from the UK and around the world. ![]() ![]() The position of the feet and movement from one guard to another is very similar to that of modern fencing (as shown by the pictures). In Marozzo's bouts there is also sword handling „in atto di spada in armi“ (armoured fencing style) that means handling the middle of the blade with the left hand, using the sword like a stick. Di Grassi says also that for fencing training one must use light swords, because „the aim of this art is not to raise heavy weight, but to move quickly“. About the point it needs „pushing it without withdrawing the hand“. Eventually the shoulder will be forgotten and one will only use the elbow and the wrist to hit, using, at last, above all only the wrist“. With the three articulations one must be well trained and will be able to hit hard with the elbow and the wrist. The cut with the shoulder is the most strong, but also the slowest (…). The correct way to give a cut is to use a movement of the wrist and sometimes of the elbow, but not of the shoulder: Di Grassi explains this concept saying: „The arm has three main articulations: the shoulder, the elbow and the wrist (…). To keep the movement invisible by the enemy: the action with the blade will have to follow precise lines of movement (going and coming back), starting from a guard position and arriving in another guard. The spada da filo requires movement, both in giving the blow and assuming the parry position, that must be as tidy as possible. The sword must be held with the full hand, tight under the hilt and for more control with the index finger over the crossbar: for this matter the hilt will often have one or two rings that join it to the blade at the edges, to protect the finger. § 2 - The handling and the portamento di ferro (way to move the sword) ![]() The pommel is a weight put at the end of the handle and is used to balance the weapon: it can have several forms, but normally it's spheric and, like the hilt, can be used to strike in close combat. The handle is normally wood, sometimes covered in leather or iron wire and is about 10 cm long. This gives to the sword the form of a cross and makes of it a mystic symbol, as a remembrance of the armed defense of the christian's ideals. The hilt is a steel bar, approximately 15-20 cm long, with a hole in the center and more than protect the hand. The blade has two edges (fili): the dritto (litterally „right“, but in english it's used the term „true“) and the falso (false): Giovanni Dall'Agocchie explains this difference „Every time you'll handle the sword, or in the right or in the left hand, the edge that will be in correspondence of the articulations of the fingers will be the filo dritto and the other will be the filo falso“. The forte is used to parry, the medio to engage and the debole to hit. The blade has three parts or „gradi“: the forte (strong), from the tallone to the first third, the medio (middle) the central third, and the debole (weak) the last third until the point and the only part of the blade really sharpened. There are not any standard dimensions as the weapons were handcrafted and fit to each fencer. At the ricasso the blade is wide at about 3 cm. The blade, straight and double-edged, based on the proportions taken from the pictures, is long (about half the height of the fencer, from the tip to the tallone (the tallone it's the line between the tang (codolo) and the blade). This style of sword is a very manageable weapon that allows one to easily execute all the sequences of actions proposed in the „abbattimenti“ (bouts). The weapon described in the Opera Nova is composed of the blade, hilt, handle and pommel (lama, elsa, manico, pomolo) and its weight is about 1 Kg, with a balance point on the blade at about four fingers from the hilt. Marozzo's „spada da filo“ (litterally „edge sword“) is a transition weapon that lies between the one-handed sword (XIV-XV C.) with a large blade which was used primarily for cutting and the rapier (XVI-XVII C.) with a long and narrow blade that was used primarily for thrusting.
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